In the introductory part of the paper, the problem of today’s energy and energy sources is briefly explained, and how more and more countries are turning to the production of electricity from alternative sources. In the second part, the physics of wind formation, its movement in the atmosphere, the influence of height and the surface of the earth on wind intensity and parameters for the assessment of wind potential are discussed. Different heights, as well as the surface itself, greatly affect the movement of the wind, and it is very important to place the wind farm in the right place. Also, there are certain parameters that should be taken into account and which are very important for the creation of wind farms in a certain location. In the third part of the paper, wind turbines, different forms of land-based wind turbines, components and materials used in making wind turbines, and the type of generator and mechanical connection with the turbine are covered. There are many forms of wind turbines that have been developed over the past as well as different materials, and research is still ongoing for even better refinement. In the fourth part, the aerodynamic conversion of wind on wind turbine blades is explained, what is the maximum utilization of wind energy, and how we use the blades and the angle of attack of the wind to regulate the workforce. Furthermore, how are buoyancy and drag forces created and why are these two forces one of the most important forces in wind turbines. The fifth chapter discusses the current state of wind energy in Europe and Croatia and what are the predictions for the future in that sector.